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Anthropology

Anthropology is a science of humankind. It studies all facets of society and culture. It studies tools, techniques, traditions, language, beliefs, kinships, values, social institutions, economic mechanisms, cravings for beauty and art, struggles for prestige. It describes the impact of humans on other humans. With the exception of the Physicial Anthropology discipline, Anthropology focuses on human characteristics generated and propogated by humans themselves.
Physical Anthropology studies anatomy and biology -- race, gender, adaptation. It studies humankind as a biology type, describing physical development over the millenia.

Linguistics studies the structures of language and historic relationships among them.
Ethnology studies human culture in a historic and comparative perspective. There is a subfield that concentrates on myth, music, and folklore to study human geography and human passage in time.

Applied Anthropology uses anthropological knowledge and expertise to deal with modern problems. For example, it aids in impact studies of technological innovations, public health schemes, or economic development patterns. Applied Physical Anthropology can be important in the design of work stations, cockpits, airplane seats.

It is our hope that the Web pages at this site lead you to projects and studies of humankind. There are pages which can lead you to reference material, academic departments, libraries, museums, publications, organizations, and other endeavors.


Design & Technology

The subject is an introduction to designing, a range of fundamentals of technology, and global technological issues. It provides students with the knowledge to be able to design and make in school workshops, and also to develop an informed literacy about technology in general. Because it is an international curriculum it has a particular focus on global environmental issues. It covers core topics in design, materials, product development and innovation, energy, structures, mechanisms and sustainability. D&T is a good preparation for careers in areas such as engineering, architecture, design and education.

The technology curriculum aims to develop technological literacy through three integrated learning strands to enable students to participate fully in the technological society and economy in which they will live and work, i.e . Technological Knowledge and Understanding, Technological Capability and Technology and Society. This curriculum seeks to enable and empower students with the know-how they will need to make informed choices about technology, and to be the technological innovators of the future.


Economics

Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek οἰκονομία (oikonomia, "management of a household, administration") from οἶκος (oikos, "house") + νόμος (nomos, "custom" or "law"), hence "rules of the house(hold)". Current economic models developed out of the broader field of political economy in the late 19th century, owing to a desire to use an empirical approach more akin to the physical sciences. A definition that captures much of modern economics is that of Lionel Robbins in a 1932 essay: "the science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses." Scarcity means that available resources are insufficient to satisfy all wants and needs. Absent scarcity and alternative uses of available resources, there is no economic problem. The subject thus defined involves the study of choices as they are affected by incentives and resources.


Geography

Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία - geographia, lit. "earth describe-write") is the study of the Earth and its lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena. A literal translation would be "to describe or write about the Earth". The first person to use the word "geography" was Eratosthenes (276-194 B.C.). Four historical traditions in geographical research are the spatial analysis of natural and human phenomena (geography as a study of distribution), area studies (places and regions), study of man-land relationship, and research in earth sciences. Nonetheless, modern geography is an all-encompassing discipline that foremost seeks to understand the Earth and all of its human and natural complexities-- not merely where objects are, but how they have changed and come to be. As "the bridge between the human and physical sciences," geography is divided into two main branches - human geography and physical geography.


History

History is the study of the past, with special attention to the written record of the activities of human beings over time. Scholars who write about history are called historians. It is a field of research which uses a narrative to examine and analyse the sequence of events, and it often attempts to investigate objectively the patterns of cause and effect that determine events. Historians debate the nature of history and the lessons history teaches. A famous quote by George Santayana has it that "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." The stories common to a particular culture, but not supported by external sources are usually classified as cultural heritage rather than the "disinterested investigation" needed by the discipline of history.


Philosophy

Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, truth, beauty, law, justice, validity, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing these questions (such as mysticism or mythology) by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on reasoned argument. The word is of Greek origin: φιλοσοφία, philosophía, "love of wisdom".


Political Science

Political science is a social science concerned with the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior. It is often described as the study of politics defined as "who gets what, when and how". Political science has several subfields, including: political theory, public policy, national politics, international relations, and comparative politics.
Political science is methodologically diverse. Approaches to the discipline include classical political philosophy, interpretivism, structuralism, and behavioralism, realism, pluralism, and institutionalism. Political science, as one of the social sciences, uses methods and techniques that relate to the kinds of inquiries sought: primary sources such as historical documents and official records, secondary sources such as scholarly journal articles, survey research, statistical analysis, case studies and model building.


Sociology

The study of society, human social interaction, and the rules and processes that bind and separate people not only as individuals, but as members of associations, groups, and institutions.

It is a branch of the social sciences that uses systematic methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop and refine a body of knowledge about human social structure and activity, sometimes with the goal of applying such knowledge to the pursuit of social welfare. Its subject matter ranges from the micro level of face-to-face interaction to the macro level of societies at large.
Sociology is a broad discipline in terms of both methodology and subject matter.

Its traditional focuses have included social relations, social stratification, social interaction, culture and deviance, and its approaches have included both qualitative and quantitative research techniques. As much of what humans do fits under the category of social structure or social activity, sociology has gradually expanded its focus to such far-flung subjects as the study of economic activity, health disparities, and even the role of social activity in the creation of scientific knowledge.

The range of social scientific methods has also been broadly expanded. The "cultural turn" of the 1970s and 1980s brought more humanistic interpretive approaches to the study of culture in sociology. Conversely, the same decades saw the rise of new mathematically rigorous approaches, such as social network analysis.

Mutiara Kata

" Jika kejahatan di balas kejahatan, maka itu adalah dendam. Jika kebaikan dibalas kebaikan itu adalah perkara biasa.
Jika kebaikan dibalas kejahatan, itu adalah zalim. Tapi jika kejahatan dibalas kebaikan, itu adalah mulia dan terpuji."

(La Roche)



"Kata-kata itu sebenarnya tidak mempunyai makna utk menjelaskan perasaan.

Manusia boleh membentuk seribu kata-kata, seribu bahasa. Tapi kata-kata bukan bukti unggulnya perasaan"



" Hidup tidak boleh berpandukan perasaan hati yg kadangkala boleh

menjahanamkan diri sendiri. Perkara utama harus kita fikirkan ialah menerima sesuatu atau membuat sesuatu dgn baik
berlandaskan kenyataan"



" Hidup adalah gabungan antara bahagia dan derita. Ia adalah menguji keteguhan iman

seseorang. Malangnya bagi mereka yg hanya mengikut kehendak hati tidak sanggup menerima penderitaan.

( Harieta Wahab)

Subjek Sejarah Bakal Dirombak

Pendekatan pengajaran mata pelajaran sejarah bagi sekolah rendah dan menengah yang kini berasaskan peperiksaan mungkin dirombak supaya berbentuk penghayatan di kalangan para pelajar.

Timbalan Menteri Pelajaran, Dr. Mohd. Puad Zarkashi berkata, pendekatan sedia ada kurang berkesan untuk melahirkan generasi muda yang bersemangat patriotik dan cintakan negara.

Menurutnya, pembelajaran Sejarah seharusnya lebih tertumpu kepada usaha menanam kefahaman terhadap pelbagai aspek sejarah dan bukan semata-mata berasaskan peperiksaan.

''Maka dengan ini barulah mata pelajaran itu dapat difahami dan dihayati sehingga melahirkan semangat juang di kalangan anak-anak," katanya.

Beliau berkata demikian selepas majlis kesyukuran sempena kejayaannya dipilih ahli Majlis Tertinggi (MT) UMNO dan pelantikannya sebagai Timbalan Menteri Pelajaran anjuran UMNO Bahagian Batu Pahat di sini malam tadi.

Lebih 2,000 orang termasuk isteri Mohd. Puad, Dr. Rubiah Leman dan para pemimpin parti komponen Barisan Nasional (BN) hadir pada majlis tersebut.

Mohd. Puad yang juga Ketua UMNO Bahagian Batu Pahat berkata, perkara tersebut akan dibawa pada mesyuarat jawatankuasa Kabinet akan datang untuk dibincangkan.

''Oleh kerana perkara ini penting, maka sebelum itu saya akan berbincang terlebih dahulu dengan Menteri Pelajaran, Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin," katanya.

Beliau berkata, mata pelajaran sejarah penting dipelajari semua pelajar dari tahun 1 hingga tingkatan enam bagi melahirkan generasi yang memiliki jati diri dan cintakan negara.

Terdahulu ketika berucap, beliau menggesa ahli-ahli UMNO agar memberikan kerjasama sepenuhnya kepada Perdana Menteri, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak dalam melahirkan konsep Satu Malaysia.

''Konsep ini mempunyai matlamat yang cukup besar dalam membela nasib rakyat," katanya.

Mohd. Puad juga berikrar untuk memikul segala tanggungjawab dan amanah yang diberikan ekoran pelantikannya sebagai Timbalan Menteri Pelajaran yang baru.

Dipetik daripada : Utusan Malaysia Online (15 April 2009)